Beginner photographer - the exposure triangle : Aperture/ Shutter Speed/ ISO
- February 13, 2019
- by
- Alexia
Welcome to you on my blog, here is my first article and I hope you will enjoy it, have a good reading! 😊
Before taking beautiful pictures worthy of a great photographer, you must learn to master your camera. It's not the most exciting thing, but I assure you, you have to go through these first technical articles to understand your camera.
I advise you to bring your camera and your instruction manual with you when reading this article in order to directly put into practice what you learn.
The exposure triangle
First of all, what is the exposure? Exposure is the quantity of light that enters your camera. The concept is simple: the more light enters, the brighter your photo will be, the less light enters, the darker your photo will be.
Properly exposed photo:
Underexposed photo:
Overexposed photo:
The cameras offer an integrated exposure metering system represented as follows on your camera's display:
This indicator will help you to better expose your photos.
To change the quantity of light entering the camera, you will need to modify the 3 technical parameters that make up the exposure triangle:
- The shutter speed
- The opening of the diaphragm
- The ISO
Shutter Speed:
The shutter speed, or exposure time, is expressed in seconds or fractions of a second (1/100 s, 1/500 s, 1/1000 s...).
The faster the speed, the less time the light will have to enter the camera. The slower the speed, the more time the light will have to enter the camera.
Speed influences both brightness and movement.
At a speed of 1/100s the light will enter ten times more than at 1/1000s. However, be careful, a too low speed can cause blurring.
Speed will allow you to make a motion blur. Be careful that your camera DOES NOT MOVE ( you may need a tripod, for example).
Shutter speed: 1/10s
Shutter speed: 1/500s
The aperture
In each lens, there is a circular diaphragm that manages the quantity of light to pass through. The opening is written with a f followed by a slash and a number: f / 2.5.
The aperture works a bit like the shutter speed. The more you open the lens diaphragm, the more light will enter, and vice versa. Note that the smaller the number, the larger the opening.
The aperture affects both the brightness and the sharpness of the images.
ISO
The ISO is the third pole of the exposure triangle. ISO is the sensitivity level of your camera to light. It is quantified in number: ISO 100, ISO 200, ISO 400.....
When you are at ISO 100, your sensor is quite insensitive. To increase the exposure, you can, therefore, increase the ISO. When you switch from ISO 200 to ISO 400, you double the quantity of light that enters the camera. It's very simple!
This parameter is used to manage the quantity of light without affecting the speed and aperture, which can be interesting when light conditions are low. But be careful, the choice of ISO has an impact on the quality of the image. With a high ISO, you will notice digital noise on your images, which will alter the details of your photo.
A summary in one picture
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| Image by Peta Pixel |
Take the time to practice in order to master these three parameters. Be aware that a beautiful photo is not necessarily a well exposed photo! If you are looking to transcribe dark emotions or a cinematographic atmosphere then don't hesitate to under-expose your photos.
Have fun and express your creativity!😊
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